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Diatoms as bioindicators for tracking freshwater salinization.
Severa, František ; Kopalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Dobiáš, Jakub (referee)
The focus of this thesis is on the relationship of diatom (Bacilariophyta) communities to conductivity, and the utilization of this relationship for the monitoring of freshwater salinization. Salinization of freshwaters as a consequence of anthropogenic influences is emerging as a threat to many freshwater habitats due to increasing anthropogenic sources of salts (like use of de-icing salts on roads), wastewaters, and fertilizers. The problem is intensifying because salts are further concentrated through increased evaporation as a consequence to climatic changes. Salinization of ecosystems has a direct impact on the physiological processes of present organisms, and because the ability to adapt to this stress differs between organisms, results in the reorganization of communities. In this way, salinization can indirectly threaten ecosystem services that benefit mankind. Furthermore, salinization is a direct threat in terms of its influence on drinking water and crop irrigation. These forces also act on diatoms, which have long been used as bioindicators, and exhibit strong community links with conductivity. Like for other organisms, this tight relationship is caused by differences in adaptation mechanisms between species, which includes osmolytes, extracellular polymeric substances and adaptation of...
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Development of new products from freshwater fish
HAUSEROVÁ, Tereza
The theme of this thesis is the development of new products from freshwater fish. The literature review offers a general overview of the consumption of freshwater fish, selected methods of fish processing, fish products on the Czech market, biological values of fish, fish preservation methods, HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system), texture and finally the method is described in the conclusion. sensory analysis. The practical part offers an overview of the raw materials and spices used, the production and recipes of selected fish products for use in mechanically separated fish meat. Samples of manufactured products are then analyzed on a NIR Master instrument. The second part also includes a sensory evaluation. The achieved results are then processed and graphically represented.
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Red algae (Rhodophyta) in freshwater ecosystems
Štifterová, Anna ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Škaloud, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on an interesting group freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta). This group comprises organisms from quite distant evolutionary clades, nevertheless sharing similar ecological requirements. They mostly occur in unpolluted lotic ecosystems. In the theoretical part, I summarized publications dealing with the general and ecological aspects of distribution of these algae (mainly of the genus Batrachospermum). For example, the issue of seasonal populational dynamics, or their role in succession of benthic algal communities. The practical part includes floristic data on findings of various species of freshwater red algae, predominantly from the Czech Republic. Furhermore, it includes observation on seasonality of a single population of Batrachospermum gelatinosum.
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Diversity, distribution and ecology of epigeous amphipods in the Czech Republic
Hrdinová, Monika ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Tátosová, Jolana (referee)
Amphipods (Crustacea, Amphipoda) can be found in fresh and brackish waters and in oceans and seas, several species live in terrestrial habitats. In comparison with other Central European countries there are fewer species of amphipods in the Czech Republic, their number, however, increased over the last decade from 8 to 12 species. Despite that, there is no recent review on ecology and distribution of those species. Presented study is an overview of epigeous species presently occurring in the Czech Republic, their ecology and habitat preferences, deals with changes in distribution areas and factors governing these changes. Based on specific features of species, it can be concluded that for expansion of distribution range a tolerance to extreme temperature peaks is needed, important is also availability of suitable habitats.
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Red algae (Rhodophyta) in freshwater ecosystems
Štifterová, Anna ; Škaloud, Pavel (referee) ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on an interesting group freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta). This group comprises organisms from quite distant evolutionary clades, nevertheless sharing similar ecological requirements. They mostly occur in unpolluted lotic ecosystems. In the theoretical part, I summarized publications dealing with the general and ecological aspects of distribution of these algae (mainly of the genus Batrachospermum). For example, the issue of seasonal populational dynamics, or their role in succession of benthic algal communities. The practical part includes floristic data on findings of various species of freshwater red algae, predominantly from the Czech Republic. Furhermore, it includes observation on seasonality of a single population of Batrachospermum gelatinosum.
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Freshwater mussels breeding methods for the purpose of conservation programs
Plechingerová, Věra ; Douda, Karel (advisor) ; Matasová, Klára (referee)
Bachelor thesis is written in an overview form of problems breeding freshwater molluscs. At the beginning of the thesis I first evaluate the overall status of the populations in the Czech Republic and then in the world. Next I describe the anatomy and biology of molluscs, especially their reproduction, which is crucial for rearing juveniles in the laboratory or seminatural environment. The return of molluscs populations into the waters ecosystems is problematic in terms of ongoing changes in the biotope, particularly because of the anthropogenic influences and too few suitable host fish, without which it can not complete its glochidia development. To prevent the complete extinction of some species, there have been researched different methods of rearing, which help recover viable populations in the natural water environment. Methods of rearing are also described in this thesis. In the experimental part of the thesis I evaluate types of detritus that have different effects in length gain of mussels. For the experiment was selected freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), whose population is highly endangered. Freshwater mussels are an important bio-indicator of waters ecosystems, where they have an irreplaceable function, so it is important to regenerate their populations and the overall condition of the biotopes.
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